The typical weather pattern of a region, measured over many years.
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Water that falls from clouds to Earth's surface, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
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A measure of how hot or cold something is.
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Air that is moving, usually from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.
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A measure of how much colder moving air makes the temperature feel on skin, compared to the actual air temperature.
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A tool used to measure how fast the wind is blowing.
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A floating device anchored in water that collects data like temperature and wave height.
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A graph that displays a location's average temperature and precipitation over the course of a year.
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What something is made of — its parts or ingredients.
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The apparent curving of moving air and water, caused by Earth's rotation.
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A steady, flowing movement of water in a particular direction, often found in oceans.
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A measure of how much mass is packed into a given amount of space.
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A periodic warming of ocean water in the Pacific that disrupts normal weather patterns around the world.
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Large wind patterns that move air consistently around the entire planet.
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A powerful, warm ocean current that carries heat from the tropics up the eastern coast of North America.
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A large, circular system of ocean currents, formed by wind patterns and Earth's rotation.
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A narrow band of very fast-moving air found high in the atmosphere.
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A wind that blows from land toward the sea, usually forming at night as land cools faster than water.
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A measurement of how far north or south a location is from the equator.
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Winds that form in a small area and often change direction during the day, caused by nearby differences in heating.
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The amount of force pushing on a given area — in the atmosphere, this comes from the weight of the air above.
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A wind that blows from the sea toward land, usually forming during the day as land heats faster than water.
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The total energy of moving particles within a substance — commonly experienced as heat.
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The shape and features of the land's surface, including its hills, valleys, and elevation.
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A measure of how much salt is dissolved in water.
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The rising of cold, nutrient-rich water from ocean depths to the surface.
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