Harmful substances introduced into air, water, or land that can damage the health of people, animals, or plants.
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Water that falls from clouds to Earth's surface, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
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A measure of how hot or cold something is.
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A liquid made of hydrogen and oxygen that all living things need to survive.
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Describes a substance with a pH below 7. This kind of water can be harmful in large amounts.
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Describes a substance with a pH above 7 — another word for basic.
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An underground layer of rock or soil that holds groundwater, often used as a source of drinking water.
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The layer of gases surrounding Earth, held in place by gravity.
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Describes a substance with a pH above 7 — the opposite of acidic.
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The process of water vapor cooling and changing into liquid droplets, forming clouds.
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The process of liquid water warming and changing into water vapor, rising into the air.
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The solid surface of land that people and animals walk on.
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The continuous movement of water between the atmosphere, land, and oceans, through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
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Electricity generated using the force of moving or falling water.
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All of Earth's water combined — oceans, rivers, lakes, ice, and groundwater.
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The process of water soaking into the ground from the surface.
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Describes a substance with a pH of exactly 7 — neither acidic nor basic. Pure water is a common example.
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A measure of how easily water or other liquids can pass through a material.
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Describes a material that allows water to pass through it.
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A number that shows how acidic or basic a liquid is.
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A measure of how much open space exists within soil or rock — more open space allows more water to be held.
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Water collecting and standing on the surface instead of soaking into the ground.
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Water that flows across the land's surface, eventually reaching rivers, lakes, or oceans, instead of soaking in.
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A measure of how much salt is dissolved in water.
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The outermost, top layer of something, such as land or water.
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The process of a solid, like ice, changing directly into a gas without ever becoming a liquid.
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An area of land where all the water — from rain, streams, and rivers — drains to the same larger body of water.
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A measure of how clean and safe water is for people, animals, and plants to use.
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